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Total Income from Farming in Wales

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Next update expected:30 April 2026

Updates

23rd April 2026

The methodology for the Wales total income from farming account was reviewed for the 2025 calendar year to ensure that data processing and estimation methods align with statistical best practice and the principles of the Code of Practice for Statistics. As a result of this review, some revisions have been made to figures for previous years.

These revisions are intended to enhance the precision of these estimates. Sometimes additional revisions are necessary to refine the methodology or correct historical errors. Revisions made in 2025 are primarily due to a review of historic subsidy payment data supplied by Rural Payments Wales (RPW) and a change in the methodology used to calculate potato price data.

Following a recent review by Defra of their own data, several revisions have been made to their historical data as a result of improvements in data processing. These revisions feed through to the Wales Total Income from Farming estimates where Defra data are used, resulting in corresponding changes to the Welsh figures. For further information, you can contact the relevant Defra team by emailing farmaccounts@defra.gov.uk.

14th January 2026
Dataset first published.

Main information

Designation
Official statistics in development
Data provider
Welsh Government
Data source
No specific source from data provider
Time period covered
January 2013 to December 2025

Overview

Summary of dataset and variables

This dataset provides forecast estimates of aggregate agricultural output and total income from farming at the Wales level. These provisional estimates make use of information available up to March 2026, and are subject to revision when additional information becomes available.

Total income from farming (TIFF):

Income generated by production within the agriculture industry, including subsidies. It represents business profits plus remuneration for work done by owners and other unpaid workers. It excludes changes in the value of assets, including stocks, due to price changes. It includes non-agricultural activities such as further processing or tourist activities where these cannot be separated from the farming business. It is the preferred measure of aggregate income, conforming to internationally agreed national accounting principles required by UK national accounts and Eurostat.

The methodology for the Wales total income from farming account was reviewed for the 2025 calendar year to ensure that data processing and estimation methods align with statistical best practice and the principles of the Code of Practice for Statistics. As a result of this review, some revisions have been made to figures for previous years.

These revisions are intended to enhance the precision of these estimates. Sometimes additional revisions are necessary to refine the methodology or correct historical errors. Revisions made in 2025 are primarily due to a review of historic subsidy payment data supplied by Rural Payments Wales (RPW) and a change in the methodology used to calculate potato price data.

Data collection or calculation

The Aggregate Agricultural Account is compiled using data from a wide variety of sources, for example, agricultural surveys, livestock markets, marketing organisations and the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA).

Statistical quality

Income measures exhibit some degree of volatility across years, influenced by prevailing market conditions. As all the measures of income include an element relating to profits, these measures in the agricultural sector are therefore more volatile than measures in other sectors (which are defined purely in terms of income from wages).

The estimates are calculated using a range of available market price data including but not limited to the AHDB for data on the cereal and milk markets in addition to historical liveweight and prime cull weighted prices. Data from the BCMS cattle registration and movement records and Defra egg packing data are also utilised. The latest June Survey also provides an estimate on production trends within the Welsh agricultural sector.

Given that TIFF is the relatively small difference between two large numbers it is sensitive to small percentage changes in the values of outputs and intermediate consumption. This means that a combination of a smaller revisions in outputs and intermediate consumption leads to more sizeable revisions in percentage terms to Gross Value Added and TIFF.

The methodology for the Wales total income from farming account was reviewed for the 2025 calendar year to ensure that data processing and estimation methods align with statistical best practice and the principles of the Code of Practice for Statistics. As a result of this review, some revisions have been made to figures for previous years.

The Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board (AHDB) ceased publication of GB potato market intelligence in July 2021 following an industry vote. Since then, 2020 potato price data had been used as an interim estimate. As this approach has become less representative over time, the methodology has been updated using trends in Northern Ireland potato prices to uplift historic Welsh potato data

Rounding applied

Figures are rounded to the nearest million.

Related reports

Published by

Organisation
Welsh Government
Contact email
stats.agric@gov.wales